(A) manganese oxide ores to the secondary oxide manganese ore deposits mainly weathering, as well as primary and secondary oxide ores some of the deposition and hydrothermal deposits. Manganese ore was mainly hard manganese ore, manganese ore and water, manganese ore; gangue minerals mainly silicates, but also carbonate minerals; frequently with iron, phosphorus, and nickel, cobalt and other ingredients. The ore dressing method of manganese oxide ore is mainly based on re-election. Weathered manganese oxide ore often contains a large amount of slime and fine ore, and a washing and re-election method is adopted in production. The ore is washed and removed to remove the slime, and the obtained net ore can be used as a finished ore, and some need to be selected by jigging and shaking. Washing overflows sometimes require further recovery by re-election or strong magnetic separation. Some sedimentary primary manganese oxide ore, due to the depletion of mining, the use of heavy medium and jigging re-election to remove gangue, to obtain massive concentrate. In iron-bearing manganese oxide ore, the iron mineral is mainly limonite. Iron and manganese are difficult to separate by re-election, flotation or strong magnetic separation, and a reduction roasting magnetic separation method is required. The industry has adopted a washing-reduction roasting magnetic separation-re-election process.

(2) Among the manganese carbonate ore deposit type manganese carbonate ore, the main manganese minerals are rhodochrosite, calcium rhodochrosite, manganese-containing calcite and rhodochrosite; gangue has silicate and carbonate minerals; And impurities such as iron. The ore is generally more complicated. The size of the manganese mineral inlay is as small as a few microns, which is difficult to dissociate, and it is often difficult to obtain a higher concentrate grade. Manganese carbonate ore dressing production practice is less, and methods such as strong magnetic separation, heavy medium beneficiation and flotation are studied. Some sedimentary sulphur-containing manganese carbonate ore, industry: the sequential preferential flotation process of carbon shale , pyrite and manganese minerals. Some hydrothermal manganese ore containing lead zinc carbonate, high intensity magnetic separation using a flotation process. Some sulfur-rich manganese ore, manganese minerals are mainly sulphur-manganese ore, and can be removed by roasting. Some manganese carbonate ore production also uses a roasting method to remove volatile components to obtain a finished ore. Both manganese oxide and manganese carbonate ore contain some refractory ore. Manganese is closely symbiotic with iron, phosphorus or gangue. The size of the inlay is extremely fine and difficult to sort. It can be treated by smelting method. For example, treatment of high phosphorus high iron and manganese rich manganese ore slag, production of activated manganese dioxide and nitric acid leaching of electrolytic manganese metal production method etc. has industrial production. In addition, calcium disulfate method and bacterial leaching method are also being studied.

(III) Dressing method of chrome ore The common chrome spinel minerals in China's chromite ore are chromite [(Mg, Fe) Cr2O4], aluminum chromite [(Mg, Fe) (Cr, AL): 0. ] And Cr-rich spinel [Fe (Cr, A1) 20 ,] and the like; gangue minerals olivine, serpentine and pyroxene; sometimes associated small amounts of vanadium, nickel, cobalt and platinum group elements. In the identification of rock and minerals, the chemical composition of chrome spinel should be highlighted because it determines the concentrate grade and the ratio of ferrochrome. The beneficiation of chromite ore is mainly by re-election method. Shakers and jigs are often used in production. Sometimes re-election concentrates are re-selected with weak magnetic or strong magnetic separation to further increase the grade and ferrochrome ratio of chromium concentrate. The chrome spinel contains ore which is relatively high in iron or densely symbiotic with magnetite. In the concentrate obtained after ore dressing, the chrome grade and the ferrochrome ratio are both low, which can be considered as an ingredient for the production of ferrochrome by fire, or Treated by hydrometallurgy. For example, sodium dichromate method, chromium hydroxide method, reduction rust method, chlorination roasting acid leaching or electrolysis method. The production practice of low-grade ferrochrome concentrate by hydrometallurgy. Chromite ore in associated form, such as PGE sulfide, arsenic compound or sulfur arsenide state, can be recovered by flotation. Ore olivine and serpentine downwards, can be considered comprehensive recovery, for the production of refractory materials, calcium magnesium phosphate diabase or the like.

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March 05, 2024