The skarn type deposit is associated with cobalt

The main mineral of the skarn type deposit is iron or copper , accompanied by cobalt . Mostly small and medium scale deposits, cobalt class gold deposit belongs to maintain reserves of about 30% of the total reserves.

Small and medium-sized iron (cobalt) ore in the Laiwu area of ​​Hebei Province and Shandong Province. These skarn-type iron deposits are mainly distributed in Luxi, Weinan, Jinzhong, and northern Jiangsu and northern Henan. These areas are located in the middle of the ancient block of North China. Since the Mesozoic, they have been affected by the continental marginal tectonic activities, and a relatively wide range of tectonic-magmatic and related metallogenic activities have taken place. The formation period of the rock mass lasts for a long time, 170~109Ma, and the ore deposit is mainly in the late Yanshanian.

In the Yanshanian period of the Yanshanian period, the in-situ fused granites invaded the Middle Ordovician carbonate rocks and produced a wide range of contact metasomatism and mineralization.

The main ore-bearing rocks are carbonate rocks of the Middle Ordovician Majiagou Formation, and a few are the limestone and dolomitic limestones of the Middle-Upper Cambrian and Middle Carboniferous. The ore body mainly exists in the contact zone between the rock mass and the surrounding rock, and a few are located in the pseudo-integration surface, the inter-layer fracture zone and the surrounding rock of the rock mass. The ore body is layered, lenticular, lenticular and irregular, ranging from tens of meters to hundreds of meters; the longest is nearly a kilometer. However, the thickness varies greatly, and the ore body produced in the false integrated surface and the interlaminar fracture zone has higher stability, while the ore body produced on the contact zone has poor stability, and the thickness, shape and scale vary greatly.

The ore minerals are mainly magnetite and pyrite, followed by chalcopyrite, hematite and limonite. The gangue minerals are diopside , serpentine, and a small amount of phlogopite , tremolite , actinolite , garnet , dolomite, chlorite, quartz, and the like.

Examples of the types of deposits include Wu'an in Hebei, Fushan Iron Mine, Shandong Laiwu Iron Mine, and Jiangsu Liguo Iron Mine.

The skarn-type iron-copper deposits such as Daye, Hubei are distributed in the southeastern part of Hubei. The area is located at the northern margin of the ancient Yangtze block, and it is docked with the North China block at the end of the Proterozoic. Later, it is separated into a long-term subsidence state. It accepts the thick Paleozoic shoal-type deposits and locally deposits iron and sulfur deposits. At the end of the Late Triassic, the Yangtze plate and the North China plate were spliced ​​again, causing the caprock of the area to be strongly squeezed to form a northwest-north-east-eastward curved fold-up uplift. The Mesozoic area was affected by the activities of the western Pacific plate, and the north-north-north-eastward deep fault activity was accompanied by the NW-trending and NE-trending cover faults, forming a tectonic pattern between the grid-like tectonic system and the uplift. There are extensive Yanshanian magmatism activities and related regional iron, copper, gold and sulfur mineralization. The diagenesis and mineralization era is mainly the Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous .

The ore body is mainly produced in the quartz diorite intrusion and the middle and lower Triassic Daye limestone contact zone or fracture contact zone. The magmatic rocks associated with mineralization are medium-medium-acid rocks, which are weak-alkaline-calcium-based rock series with crust-mantle and molten-type high alkali-rich sodium. Common rocks include diorite, pyroxene diorite, and quartz diorite. The contact surrounding rock is mainly the carbonate rock layer of the middle and lower Triassic paste (salt), and a small part is Carboniferous.

The ore minerals are mainly magnetite and hematite, as well as siderite, pyrite and a small amount of magnetite, pyrite and mirror iron. The gangue minerals are mainly garnet, diopside, Fushan stone, square pillar stone and phlogopite.

The main examples of such deposits include Hubei Daye Tieshan Copper-iron Mine, Tonglushan Copper-iron Mine, and Chengchao Iron Mine.

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