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At present, the electric axis shaft generally adopts a precision angular contact bearing which can adapt to high speed and can bear radial and axial loads at the same time. Tests have shown that the three main parameters of the oil-air lubrication system (the kinematic viscosity of the lubricant, the compressed air pressure, and the compressed air flow rate) influence the temperature rise of the precision angular contact bearing as follows:
Lubricating oil viscosity is affected by the internal friction of the bearing to affect the temperature rise of the bearing. With the increase of the viscosity, the temperature rise of the bearing will increase, while the trend in the high-speed segment is more obvious, but with the further increase of the viscosity, the bearing temperature The rising gradient shows a decreasing trend. Compressed air flow and pressure affect the temperature rise of the bearing through the convection heat of the compressed air and the bearing. Within the compressed air pressure range, the temperature rise of the bearing decreases as the pressure increases, but this trend is not very clear. Increasing the compressed air flow can reduce the temperature rise of the bearing, and as the rotation speed increases, the effect of cooling will become more and more obvious.
In high-speed machining, the thermal characteristics of the electric spindle are a major factor affecting the machining accuracy and directly affect the increase in the rotational speed of the electric spindle. In the temperature rise of the electric spindle unit, the bearing temperature rise is an extremely important component. The temperature rise and temperature distribution of the bearing have a great influence on the performance of the bearing. It affects the assembly of the bearing, the working clearance of the bearing and the performance of the lubricant. An increase in temperature will deteriorate the lubrication of the bearing and lead to early failure of the bearing. Therefore, the thermal analysis of the bearing system can help us to reasonably choose and use the bearing properly, and it can provide a basis for failure and failure analysis of the bearing system.
June 19, 2023