Sewage treatment plant sludge treatment and treatment route in Henan Province

Abstract: With the acceleration of the process of rural urbanization in China, the scale of domestic sewage generated by various types of industrial wastewater and people's daily life has been further increased. The corresponding increase is the increase in the number and scale of urban sewage treatment plants. In the treatment of sewage treatment in urban sewage treatment plants, the treatment and disposal of sludge is a very important link. This article combines the sludge treatment and disposal technology of foreign sewage treatment plants and related problems in sludge treatment and disposal of sewage treatment plants in China at the current stage. At the same time, it analyzes the natural and social environment of Henan Province and analyzes the treatment and disposal of sludge from urban sewage treatment plants in Henan Province. The reasonable technical route provides constructive suggestions for better handling and disposal of sludge from urban sewage treatment plants in Henan Province.

Foreword

Regarding the treatment and disposal of sewage sludge, the internationally accepted technical route is to use specific drying technology to recycle sludge (including land use, construction and building materials, etc.) and sludge according to certain standard requirements. Buried and other methods. China's current sludge treatment and disposal is also carried out in a similar manner, but in the actual operation process, due to the technical requirements are not up to standard, treatment methods and equipment configuration is unreasonable, and artificially unreasonable operation leads to some problems in the treatment of sludge. problem. In this regard, we should in-depth analyze the treatment requirements and treatment methods for the sludge treatment of sewage treatment plants, combine the actual conditions in China for the improvement of local conditions, find a sludge treatment technology route more suitable for the local actual conditions, and do a good job in the sewage treatment plant. Sludge treatment work reduces the impact of sludge on the environment and social life, and achieves coordinated development of the environment and economy.

1 Sewage treatment plant sludge treatment and disposal

Sewage treatment plant sludge refers to the sludge produced after filtration, concentration, and dehydration treatment of domestic sewage produced by a treatment plant. This sludge has a destructive effect on the natural environment such as land and air, so it is necessary to rationalize it. Deal with disposal to avoid indiscriminate deployment of dual effects on the economy and the environment. Sludge treatment and disposal are two concepts and different links. The treatment of sludge refers to the treatment of the original sludge for the sludge produced by the treatment plant to meet the requirements of natural digestion, including sludge dewatering, sludge stabilization, sludge drying, sludge incineration, Sludge thickening and other technologies, through the treatment of these sludges, can ensure that when the sludge is disposed of, the harmful effects caused by the disposal of the sludge are minimized; the disposal of the sludge is the recycling or natural treatment of the treated sludge. In the process of burying, the disposal method usually includes recycling in land, processing and recycling in building materials, and landfill disposal in natural landfills.

The fundamental purpose of the treatment and disposal of sludge is related to the recycling of sludge and the harmless disposal of natural environment. The treatment methods and disposal methods have relevant technical requirements. See Table 1 for details.

2 Analysis of Problems in Sludge Treatment and Disposal at Present in China

The problems existing in the treatment and disposal of sludge in China at this stage mainly include two aspects that the treatment cannot meet the disposal requirements and the disposal and replacement treatment.

1 In the treatment process, the treatment technology and operation are not standardized, resulting in the treatment of sludge can not meet the disposal requirements, such as: fermentation temperature and cycle is not up to standard, toxic and hazardous substances and heavy metal content is not strictly treated, incomplete burning or even artificial Without burning, etc., these deficiencies in the treatment of sludge will affect the disposal of sludge, thereby causing negative impact on the environment and socio-economic;

2 At the disposal stage, the disposal method is unreasonable or there is a phenomenon of using treatment instead of treatment. For example, the untreated raw sludge is directly landfilled, and incineration does not take into account the incineration, and the untreated sludge is directly mixed. Into the mud kiln for firing, etc., these are unscientific disposal methods, have a great impact on the natural environment and society, but the surface of the sludge has been eliminated but actually buried a greater hidden danger.

To sum up, we must face up to the treatment and disposal of sludge in sewage treatment plants, standardize treatment technologies, strictly dispose of the methods, and implement supervision and control. At the same time, we must effectively carry out sludge treatment and disposal in line with actual conditions in China.

3Selection Points of Sewage Sludge Treatment and Disposal Technical Route in Henan Province

To correctly select the sewage treatment plant sludge treatment and disposal technology, we must first clarify the advantages of the various types of disposal methods and scope of application, so as to be able to better deal with the choice of treatment and treatment technology route according to the actual situation.

3.1 analysis of land use technology route

The land-use technology route is an ecological, recyclable sludge treatment and disposal technology line that meets the requirements of environmental protection and sustainable development through anaerobic digestion and aerobic fermentation of sludge to obtain treatment and disposal products suitable for land use. . This route can reduce the organic matter content in the sludge, reduce the volume of the sludge and improve the stability of the sludge, so that the sludge can be recycled in the land and reduce the consumption of natural land resources. At the same time, during the anaerobic digestion process of sludge, biogas and organic fertilizers that can be used as new energy sources will be produced and have high economic value.

3.2 analysis of building materials use technology route

The use of sludge treatment in building materials is mainly through the thermal drying treatment of sludge, and the dried sludge is used for the addition of cement raw materials, the addition of burned paper raw materials for industrial bricks, and the application of building subgrade materials. It is worth noting that building materials made of dried sludge should be used through the relevant industry standards of the country to detect and regulate requirements, and supervision should be done to prevent secondary pollution during the production and use of building materials. .

3.3 landfill technology analysis

The landfill disposal technology line mainly includes two aspects. First, through the concentration and dehydration of sludge and high-temperature aerobic fermentation, the obtained product can be used as landfill cover soil; secondly, the sludge is concentrated and dewatered. Drying, incineration, and incineration of ash for landfill. Landfill disposal methods are costly and waste resources. Simultaneously, incineration can easily cause secondary pollution. Therefore, under normal circumstances, this type of disposal is not recommended in economically developed regions.

Henan Province is located in the central region of China and is densely populated with a large number of cities and towns. According to the climate conditions and population density of cities and towns in Henan Province, the author proposes to use the technical route of land recycling and recycling of building materials to carry out sewage sludge treatment. Disposal and disposal can ensure the recycling of sludge and the conservation of land resources. At the same time, it can also create a certain social value. In cities and towns with small population densities, dry landfills can be used for treatment and disposal under conditions. It is worth mentioning that the urban terrain in Henan Province is relatively flat, and climate conditions such as temperature and humidity are not conducive to the proliferation of air pollutants. Therefore, it is not recommended to use incineration for sludge.

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