Sichuan: Moderate Scale and Promotion of Agricultural Mechanization

From October 18th to 19th, the highest-level academic conference in the field of crop science in China, the annual meeting of the Chinese Crop Society Academic Conference was held in Chengdu. National experts and scholars in this field gathered here. With this opportunity, the reporter conducted an exclusive interview with Prof. Qu Huqu, President of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, to explore the future of agriculture in our province.

Rice is 5 yuan a pound is normal Reporter: The young people in our province's rural farming, less and less strong labor. One important reason is that the benefits of farming are relatively low. For example, one year I interviewed in Zhangzhou, asked the local farmers, their paddy fields, the light ask people to harvest an acre of nearly 400 yuan, if the climate is a bit bad, you may lose money, how do you see this problem?

Professor Kuihu Qu: The phenomenon you mentioned not only exists in Sichuan, but also exists in many places in China and even abroad.

What does this phenomenon reflect? That is, the food prices are low. Now the labor force, agricultural resources, such as pesticides, chemical fertilizers, films, sprayers, etc., are all rapidly rising. The cost of agricultural production is rapidly increasing. Therefore, it is normal for agricultural product prices to rise, but agricultural product prices In particular, food prices have not risen to their place. There should be twice as much room for growth, and rice is a normal price for selling 5 yuan a pound.

Agriculture must be moderately scaled. Reporter: How to deal with it?

Prof. Hu Duqu: The grain price is 5 yuan a pound. In fact, the farmers cannot get rich either, because on the land with an average of two acres per capita, the grain price is higher, and you still have climate risks. The farmers cannot make a lot of money. Compared with working in the city, it is also necessary to take a large-scale approach and increase overall income through moderate-scale operations. Only when the income of agricultural operations exceeds the income from working, will we be interested in agricultural operations.

Moderate scale of agricultural operations, Chengdu, Sanya, Chongqing do a good job. I visited Chengdu. After the reconstruction of the disaster, after the land was rectified, Chengdu used the methods of urban and rural planning to guide farmers through the transfer of land management rights, and introduced owners with appropriate scales of operations. The results were very good and worth the rest of Sichuan. Reference.

In developed countries, agriculture is basically a scale operation. Due to rising prices, problems have also arisen. For example, in Japan, a family of 20 mu -30 mu, plus government subsidies, can live very comfortably, but now prices are rising too much. In a terrible manner, it is no use. The peasants either expand their scale or go out to work to earn money. For example, the American peasants used to have 1200 mu of family income. With government subsidy, they can live a middle-class life. It is no longer necessary to plant 2000 mu of land. achieve.

In Australia, an acre of wheat earns $10, but he is large-scale, usually several thousand acres, so the total income is quite a bit. Therefore, Sichuan's agriculture has to embark on a path of scale in order to attract young people, attract capital, and attract owners to develop.

Accelerate the promotion of agricultural mechanization Reporter: It is understood that, whether it is countries such as the United States and Australia that are generally planted on a thousand mu, or countries such as Japan and South Korea that generally produce 30 to 40 acres of land, basically all The realization of agricultural mechanization, but the former is a large-scale machinery, the latter to small machinery. Should our province learn from these countries and promote large-scale machinery in the plains, and promote small-scale farm implements in the hills and mountains?

Ruan Hu Drainage: When agriculture embarks on the road of scale management, we must focus on improving efficiency and efficiency, and we must increase the level of mechanization and reduce the use of labor. You think about the number of people you would like to hire if you use artificial land, and you cannot guarantee that their site preparation and harvesting levels are the same.

According to the characteristics of Sichuan agriculture, small and medium-sized agricultural machinery and equipment are more suitable. Due to the late start and large demand, mechanization is in active research, testing and promotion. To advance agricultural mechanization, we must increase the level of mechanized cultivation. Sichuan still has a lot of work to do. First, the agricultural machinery manufacturers should improve the research capacity of agricultural machinery, especially according to the actual conditions in Sichuan, and aim at the existence of plains, hills, and mountainous areas. Researched agricultural machinery and equipment suitable for different geographical conditions. Breeding experts should adjust the research direction. For the characteristics of mechanized harvesting, breeding high-cultivation varieties to facilitate mechanical harvesting, and at the same time, coordinate farming, agronomy and breeding to achieve soil preparation and straw production. Farming, sowing, harvesting and other mechanization.