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1. The relationship between intelligent buildings and integrated wiring systems
As the brain of an intelligent building, the integrated wiring system is a key component and basic part of an intelligent building, which has a great influence on the construction process, the design of the early stage, and the maintenance of the later stage. Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the concept of the basic connotation of an intelligent building, illustrating that the integrated cabling system runs through the building and its parts, which reflects the importance of the integrated cabling system in intelligent buildings.
Integrated wiring system 
Smart Building Basic Connotation Schematic
1.1 The integrated cabling system is an essential foundation of intelligent buildings as an essential foundation of intelligent buildings. The integrated cabling system connects all modern facilities and equipment in intelligent buildings and forms a complete equipment system, which largely satisfies Intelligent requirements. Because the integrated cabling system has the characteristics of flexibility, openness, and advancedness, it can meet the needs of modern facilities and equipment, and is in line with the future direction of development. Therefore, the integrated cabling system is the basis for ensuring the high quality and efficiency of intelligent buildings. Only integrated wiring systems are available. The intelligent building can realize the intelligence of intelligent buildings and meet the needs of modern users.
1.2 The integrated wiring system reflects the intelligent level of intelligent buildings The assessment of the intelligent level of intelligent buildings is not simply to evaluate the novelty of the appearance of intelligent buildings or whether buildings are erected or not, and it is not to evaluate whether intelligent buildings have sufficient equipment and The magnificent decoration, but to evaluate the integrated wiring system, including technology is complete, whether the network layout is reasonable, the project quality is up to standard, these factors can reflect the intelligent building intelligent level. Therefore, whether the user is satisfied with the smart building is the key to the integrated wiring system.
In an intelligent building, a complete integrated wiring system component is mainly: the work area subsystem, the horizontal wiring subsystem, the network backbone system, and the main equipment subsystem.
2. Design analysis of integrated wiring system in intelligent buildings
2.1 subsystem between main equipment In the integrated wiring system, the main equipment room must be designed first. This main equipment room is conducive to managing the floor wiring room and all information points of the entire building. As the core part of the integrated wiring system, the main equipment room is the management subsystem of the integrated wiring system. The environmental conditions, selection, layout and other factors of the main equipment have greatly affected the information system, including the use, maintenance, operation, and flexibility of the information system. In design, the main equipment room is best designed in the central position of the entire building. In order to save investment and facilitate wiring, the main equipment is preferably close to the weak shaft. If the area of ​​each floor of a building is too large or the floor is too high, and the host room is more than 2250px away from the work area, then it is necessary to design the distribution line between each floor. This distribution line is preferably installed in the weak electricity wiring room. Without a weak wiring closet, you can install a network cabinet on the floor.
2.2 Horizontal Cabling Subsystem The cable from the wiring closet to the working area on each floor is a horizontal subsystem. If the floor area is relatively small, then only one network master device can be designed. This saves the network backbone system. The wiring from the wiring closet to the work area is the horizontal subsystem. If there is a floor allocation room in the building, the floor allocation room to the workplace is the horizontal subsystem. The horizontal subsystem usually chooses Category 6 twisted pairs and the horizontal cabling distance is preferably within 90m. The horizontal cable reaches the various information points under the traction of the trunking trough in the building. The information outlet and the wiring terminal inside the wiring room are connected by the point to the point. Therefore, the operation of the system is arbitrarily changed and will not affect the system. The impact of the operation facilitates troubleshooting and reconfiguration of the system.
2.3 Network backbone subsystems The cables connecting the distribution lines and the main room are the trunks of the integrated wiring system. The network trunks of the integrated cabling system mainly include two kinds: large logarithmic cables and optical cables. There are many types of large logarithmic cables, and large logarithmic cables can be used when the host room is not far from the information points. In general, fiber optic cables are used because they have advantages in many aspects, including price, bandwidth, transmission distance, etc., and they can ensure the advanced nature of the system. There are mainly multi-mode optical cables and single-mode optical cables in optical cables. The transmission modes of these two kinds of optical cables are very different. It is best to use multi-mode optical cables within a distance of 500m. If the distance is 500m, it is better to use single-mode optical cables. The traditional architectural design generally has a weak design, so the position of the backbone of the building floor must be considered properly. On the one hand, we must ensure the safety of the cables. The protection of the cables is mainly the installation of metal. After installation, it is not allowed to move freely. On the other hand, it is necessary to ensure the overall appearance of the cable and not to affect the overall environment of the building. Therefore, it is best to choose in places that are not obvious, such as corners of buildings or unimportant rooms. Finally, we must take into account the expansion, so that we can increase the trunk later.
2.4 Work Area System Subsystem The jumpers and sockets inside the office constitute the subsystem of the work area system. The models of the information outlets are all RJ type five information sockets, and its transmission rate reaches more than 100 Mbps, ensuring that the computer network system can operate normally. Different terminals and different types of computers can be connected to RJ Category 5 standard jumpers on computer information outlets. In the wiring system, the jump between voice systems and network systems can be achieved. In the integrated wiring system, if the information socket used is a wall type, it is usually installed on a partition or on a wall, but in special cases it can also be installed in the ground socket box or on a furniture screen. The ground socket is used for the room that joins the stairs, and it is best to use the domestic ground socket. The socket module can be installed in the domestic ground socket.
2.5 Electrical protection and grounding of the integrated wiring system The distance between the cable and the integrated wiring system must comply with the relevant national regulations. The minimum distance between the electrical equipment and the integrated wiring system must also comply with the relevant national regulations. The integrated wiring system is best to use a common grounding system. If you insist on using an independent grounding system, then the resistance of the grounding must be within 4Ω. If the route of the integrated wiring system is interfered by the interference source and the minimum distance is not reached, it is better to shield the interference source with a metal pipeline, or a shielded wiring system may be used. If a shielded cabling system is used, all equipment cables, jumpers and connecting devices must be shielded. Except for the use of shielded cables, be sure to ensure continuous system shielding. In addition, it is preferable to provide a partial potential grounding terminal board between equipment or telecommunication management rooms.
3. Application of integrated wiring system in intelligent buildings
(1) Support for computer systems The entire wiring system is a mode of centralized management and decentralized devices. Each part is independent and interconnected, providing the physical basis for the layout of computer networks. In addition, the entire cabling system can form a secondary star structure, using a two-point management method, which is convenient and flexible, and can adapt to most computer network topologies, providing great potential for computer network layout. The entire integrated wiring system conforms to international standards and industrial standards, so there are many choices on the equipment, so that the entire integrated wiring system can be compatible with most manufacturers' equipment.
(2) Support for building automation systems The building automation system can control and monitor all equipment in smart buildings, including garage management systems, elevator systems, water supply and drainage systems, freezing stations, lighting systems, power distribution systems, heat exchange stations, Central air conditioning and so on.
(3) OA support The OA system consists of LAN systems, public network equipment, public office equipment, and public office systems. In the building, there are a lot of different organizations in the office, so the requirements for the network, the interface of the machine equipment, and the model number of the machine and equipment are all different. Special network cables, if the integrated wiring system is installed, this problem is easily solved. The integrated wiring system began to be wired before the construction of the building. When the building was completed, the entire wiring system was also built.
(4) Support to the security monitoring system The alarm system transmits the alarm signal to the alarm control computer, determines the location of the alarm signal through the computer, and sends the alarm information. In the integrated wiring system, the alarm system was incorporated. Under the unified wiring, the alarm system was closely connected with the outside world.
4. Comprehensive wiring system inspection
Intelligent buildings are the inevitable result of the development of the times and provide people with a comfortable and convenient living environment. As the basic part of intelligent buildings, the integrated wiring system ensures the intelligence of intelligent buildings. The integrated wiring system not only supports computer systems, but also supports building automation systems and office automation systems. It also supports security monitoring systems, including alarm systems and monitoring systems. The integrated wiring system has the characteristics of flexibility, openness, and advancedness, which can meet the needs of modern facilities and equipment, and is in line with the future development direction. Therefore, the integrated wiring system can control, manage and transmit information of intelligent buildings, and plays an important role in realizing the intelligence of intelligent buildings.
Shandong Provincial Computing Center (a provincial-level information technology research institute under the Shandong Academy of Sciences), mainly engaged in software engineering, Internet of things, high-end CNC, high-performance computing, cloud computing, information security, intelligent transportation, intelligent construction engineering and other fields of scientific research With service.
(1) Inspection basis for integrated wiring system: GB/T50312-2007 "Comprehensive wiring project acceptance specification"
(2) Integrated wiring system inspection tool: FLUKED TX-1800
(3) Inspection of the integrated wiring system Twisted pair electrical parameters: wiring diagram, length, attenuation, near-end crosstalk, near-end crosstalk power, attenuation crosstalk ratio, attenuation crosstalk ratio power sum, etc. End-to-end crosstalk, equal-level far-end crosstalk power sum, return loss, propagation delay, propagation delay deviation, DC loop resistance, insertion loss, pass-through fiber characteristics of the shield: length, attenuation
As the brain of an intelligent building, the integrated wiring system has a great influence on the construction process, the early design, and the later maintenance of the construction project. On the one hand, the integrated wiring system is an indispensable foundation for intelligent buildings. On the other hand, the integrated wiring system embodies the intelligent level of intelligent buildings. In an intelligent building, the components of a complete integrated wiring system are: the work area subsystem, the horizontal wiring subsystem, the network backbone system, and the subsystem between the main equipment. The rational design of these systems is conducive to intelligent building intelligence. Change. The integrated wiring system has the characteristics of flexibility, openness, and advancedness, which can meet the needs of modern facilities and equipment, and is in line with the future development.
September 03, 2024