Study on Quantum Micropropulsion Technology Using Vacuum Zero Point Energy

0 cited by the micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) technology micro-propulsion system, because there is a higher power density than the large propulsion system, good mobility, high reliability, so it has a broad application prospects. The micropropulsion system can be used as a mobile power source, and can be used as a power source for a miniature surgical instrument in a medical power supply, a human body cooling power source, an electronic component actuator, etc. as a portable power system, and can also be used as a power source for a thrust engine such as a micro-aircraft. Propulsion and so on. Since the micro-propulsion system has a very high thrust-to-weight ratio, and multiple micro-propellers can be integrated and manufactured in parallel, so that sufficient power can be generated to achieve micro-satellite launch, and the rocket launch thrust vector can be realized through the multi-micro engine technology. control. The use of "zero energy" in vacuum as the micro-propulsion system of energy can solve the contradiction between the finiteness of fuel in satellite work and the long-term work time.

1 Zero-point energy and Casimir effect According to the theory of cavity quantum electrodynamics, in 1948 Casimir successfully used the zero point to draw out the Casimir force. The physical nature of the Casimir effect is due to the presence of various surfaces with conductive objects that cause zero-point oscillations in the free space, which in turn causes zero-point energy changes in the space. Casimir believes that if two uncharged metal sheets are in close proximity, Together, the longer wavelength than the fund project: National Defense Science and Technology Industry Committee (k1403060720) will be excluded. The energy density inside the board is smaller than that outside the board, and other waves outside the board will generate a kind of mutual convergence. The closer the metal sheet is to the force, the stronger the attraction between the two. Theoretical calculations show that the expression for the average energy of the harmonic oscillator at temperature T and radiation balance is that this is the zero point energy 121. The existence of zero point energy is not only conceptually possible but also necessary, and it embodies the quantum mechanics. The relationship is uncertain, and it is actually measurable in solid physics. 131. The Casimir force acting on any surface of the microcavity can be calculated by calculating the zero energy in the microcavity. The relationship between Casimir force and zero energy on any given surface is energy.

The study found that Casimir force is generally affected by the following physical factors 14:1 micro-cavity size; 2 micro-cavity shape; 3 types of micro-cavity boundary conditions; 4 proportional relationship between the sides of the micro-cavity; The roughness of the wall; the size of the corners of the junction between the 6 sides of the cavity; the gravitational field around the 7 microcavity; 8 the difference in temperature, etc.

Although in the macro-world, the impact of Casimir force is not obvious, but with the development of micro-mechanisms and sub-micron mechanisms, especially the development of MEMS devices, various L2 -microcavity structures due to the effect of quantum vibration can be two parallel plane structures. (infinity, spacing d) zero point energy on LXL - 0. 0137hcL2/d3 cubic structure (side length a) + 0.0916hc/a spherical structure (radius r) + 0.0923hc/(2r) cylindrical (radius is r, infinite length) The formula for the zero energy in a rectangular cavity of length L is the formula for obtaining the force per unit area between parallel planes. This is a very weak force.

The Casimir force in the rectangular microcavity is currently the most concerned, because with the change of the proportions of the lengths of the sides in the microcavity, the zero point in the cavity can assume positive and negative and zero state, and the Casimir force in the microcavity also has Positive, negative, or behaving as 0. The Casimir force exhibited on a plane in the cavity cannot be represented only by the size or shape of the plane, but should be considered from the entire cavity. Because different cavity shapes determine the different forms of electromagnetic field vibration inside the cavity, different vibration modes determine the energy distribution in the microcavity, and different energy distributions lead to different forces. For example, the cube cavity and spherical cavity show repulsive force, and the two parallel plane structures show gravity. The zero energy distributions in several common microcavity structures are shown in Table 1. Table 1 The zero point energy in several microcavities with zero absolute temperature Here, the EpsteinZetah function is defined as the second term positive for E(a). The difference between these two items determines the final E(a) symbol. Since the energy E(a) is proportional to the Planck constant h and the speed of light c, it is inversely proportional to the length of each side, and it does not matter which side it is taken from, that is, a1, a2, or a3 are all the same. Therefore, E(a) is inversely proportional to any of a1, a2, and a3. It is shown that the symbol of E(a) does not change with the same size or decrease of the three dimensions, but only changes its size. For example, if a positive energy layer E(a) is doubled, then the size of its corresponding new layer will be reduced by 50%. For a layer with energy 0, no matter the size is larger or smaller, as long as the proportion is not changed, it will be It remains unchanged, and it is also the boundary layer when energy E(a) is positive and negative respectively. Corresponding to a certain cavity, if the dimension da is changed in one direction, the amount of change in the energy E(a) will be a rectangular cavity when the force acting on the corresponding surface is 1, and the force on each surface is The zero point in the cavity can be seen with the change in thickness C.

In 1 (in this case a cubic cavity), due to symmetry, the forces on all surfaces are repulsive forces. When 0*3.5, although the zero point can be positive, and not all forces on each side are positive at this time, only the average pressure on the a1 surface and the average pressure on the IXC plane will be positive. When C takes other values, the two are different in force, when the 1.7 3 structural design from the above analysis of the rectangular cavity, we can see that the Casim force in the rectangular cavity is a different size with the ratio of the length of each side, Different kinds of forces. You can use this property to design a device that we need to effectively extract zero energy. See.

Office, -> One person touches the foothills, 1 The plug moves up and down is the facet of the middle figure device; The structure 2 is the thin flat plate that produces the gravity of the structure diagram, only moves horizontally, the vertical position does not move; Structure 3 is fixed Without moving, the rectangular cavity on it and the facet in the middle of the structure 1 can generate a repulsive force. Above the structure 1, the following structure 2 and structure 3 are also arranged symmetrically. The working process of the device is as follows: in the starting position, the thin rectangular plate 2 covers the rectangular microcavity of the structure 3, the activity of the thin plate 2 and the structure 1 There are two parallel plate structures between the facets, and the two generate a gravitational force. The vertical position of the thin flat plate 2 is fixed, only the piston of the structure 1 moves downwards and pulls the cantilever beam downwards (where the cantilever beam acts as a spring), at this time the piston is affected by Casim's gravitational force and the elastic restoring force of the spring. At the beginning, the Casim impulsive force received by the piston is greater than the elastic restoring force, and the piston accelerates downwards. After reaching a certain position, Casim's gravity will be less than the elastic restoring force, and the piston will decelerate until it stops at the lowest position. At this time, the thin flat plate 2 is horizontally removed, and the thin flat plate 2 and the piston do not have the condition of forming a parallel flat plate structure. At this time, a rectangular microcavity structure is formed between the piston and the cavity of the structure 3, and the piston accelerates and rises under the joint action of the Casim repulsive force and the elastic restoring force, reaches the initial position, and the elastic restoring force becomes 0, but between the upper thin plate and the piston A parallel plate structure was formed and there was gravity between them. The piston accelerates upward under the action of upward gravitational force and inertia. After reaching the highest position, the thin plate is moved horizontally. The piston is accelerated down by Casim repulsive force and elastic restoring force. It can be seen that in this process, the spring does not consume energy, and the positive work and negative work done by the gravitational site exactly counteracts. Casim force does positive work whether it is rising or falling. Only when the thin flat plate 2 is horizontally moved, Casim does negative work, but Casim forces the positive work and Casim force does negative power when horizontally moving the thin flat plate 2. The power is exactly the same size, all the spacing.

Throughout the entire cycle, the work done by Casim's repulsion is a positive work that can be extracted. Therefore, the zero point energy can be effectively extracted, that is, the purpose of using zero point can be achieved.

4 Conclusions For micro-propulsion systems, it is perfectly feasible to use zero energy as its energy source, based on the different properties of Casim force manifested in different microcavities and the enormous effect displayed at small pitches. At the same time, although great effort has been devoted to the study of zero energy and Casim force, a complete set of theory has not been formed until now. The factors that influence it are not yet fully understood. The application of this energy is only at the experimental stage. . This requires us to fully study it in both theory and practice. This will be the direction of future efforts.

Self-adaptive growth design of stiffeners in thin slab structure Xiaohong Xiao 1 Guojun Li 2 Cai Gejian 3 Yukio Yamazaki 4 Shanghai University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093 Shanghai Institute of General Research, Sanyi Heavy Machinery, Shanghai, 200030 Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, Japan, Kanazawa University Japan, Kim Ze-suji distribution did not count as an example, put forward a kind of adaptive growth design method. Under the given load and supporting conditions, the ribs of the book plate structure proceed from the selected “seeds” and follow the adaptive growth law on the basis of the finite element analysis, along the direction that maximizes the overall stiffness of the structure. growing up. Some typical bookboard structures were designed. The design results show that the proposed method is simpler and more efficient than the existing design methods.

0 Hundreds of thin plate shell structure has a very wide range of fund projects in various engineering structures: Shanghai Natural Science Fund Project (04ZR14098)

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