"Robot" = "machine" + "person" Just as mobile phones have evolved from "mobile phones" to today's "smart communication terminals", Qu Daokui, chairman of the China Robotics Industry Alliance and president of Xinsong Robotics (300024.SZ) Automation Co., Ltd. believes that although the name of mobile phones is not Any change has taken place, but the "content of the product" has undergone a substantial change, and the "robot" is also facing the same changes. “In the context of Industry 4.0, the product needs to be redefined.†Qu Dao-kuo favors the concept of “machine + personâ€, the former embodies the properties of the machine, and the latter is the “intelligent†field where the future will focus on development. Improve the intelligence level of the robot and make it "closer to people." For the current robot types, it can be roughly divided into three categories: industrial robots, service robots, and special robots. Qu Dao-kui said that the name of "robot" has a tendency of "flooding" in use, and many mechanical devices without intelligence are called "robots." This to a certain extent led to the "robot industry" cohabitation, but also shows that the level of the industry from uneven to high-end development is not balanced. According to the classification of Qu Dao-kui, the structural space of the mechanical device can be realized as a “mechanical device†instead of a “bot†with less than 3 axes, and a robot with a number of 3-axis to 5-axis is a low-end robot. "Only the 6-axis is a "robot" in a dynamic sense. This means that the operating point can make the working device reach a certain required operating point in the three-dimensional space, and at the same time forms the working direction also in the three-dimensional space on the operating point. Just as human evolution first entered the stage of single-celled organisms, it is also the "original ancestor" of existing industrial robots. If the device finds that there are obstacles in the operating point and it can actively identify, correct, recalculate, and adjust, it has “smart†in a certain sense. This is like if a person encounters a pond while walking, is he thinking about crossing the past, or Around the past is similar. Qu Daoqi has been engaged in the robotics industry for decades. “Human hands accomplish 70% of the workload,†Qu Dao-kui said. “So the emergence of industrial robots is precisely due to people's incompetence for repeatability, precision, and dangerous work, so as to find more suitable alternatives. ." However, he cautioned about an interesting phenomenon. Industrial robots are currently widely used as "manipulators" rather than "manipulators." "In terms of decomposition, the biggest difference between hand and arm is the degree of flexibility and intelligence." Qu Dao-kui said, this also proves the direction of robot development, from the "arm" to "hand" escalation, and then give this "arm" Coupled with the "legs" that can recognize objects and move, the new industry will have a sufficient foundation for development. This is far from enough. Qu Dao-kui envisions a picture of the future. Robots can solve mechanical tasks such as logistics transportation and transportation. Once a “smart combination of robots†is created, it will be able to form the interaction of logistics and information flow. This is one of the sights of Industry 4.0 in the eyes of Qu Dao-kui. For this reason, Qu Dao-kui deeply feels the need to redefine "the robot." His definition formula has three items: industrial robots, mobile robots, and "clean robots" that are differentiated according to the manufacturing environment. The existence of the latter attempts to distinguish itself from the manufacturing industry in the natural environment and the man-made environment. For example, there are a growing number of industrial types that require cleanliness, temperature, humidity, and vacuum, like biochemical pharmaceuticals, photovoltaic solar energy, and life sciences. Objectively demand for robots. As the chairman of the China Robotics Industry Alliance, Qu Daokui can understand the development level of various types of robots in China. He explained that the level of domestic industrial robots has mostly not reached the level of "human", not only can not guarantee flexibility, and the perception system does not have the "human look." "Why the ability to introduce 'people' is that 'robots' should gradually have many capabilities such as network communication capability, coordination ability, perception ability, and target recognition management capability," said Qu Dao-kui. Thus, Qu Dao-kui prefers to use "robot" = "machine" + "person". Industry's "Archimedes Point" Furthermore, Qu Dao-kui’s judgment is “never ever big†when the “robot†accounts for much “capacity†in the robotics industry. In describing the scale of the industry, Qu Dao-kui used McKinsey's estimates to estimate that the global market will reach a trillion-dollar-a-year scale in a few years. Qu Dao-kui believes that industrial robots are the most fiercely competitive in the market, and they are also the most mature industries in technological development so far, but they are facing the “lowest added value†competition. "99% of domestic manufacturers are engaged in the production of industrial robots such as robots." This figure given by Qu Dao-kui is considered to have achieved the advantages of Xinsong Robotics. Judging from the general laws of industrial development, it is not an easy task for the domestic robot industry to find the supporting points for industrial development, but the industry has two supporting points: technology and market. "Without market support, it will be difficult to create mature products. Many patents will not be pushed out and will not be technically mature or comprehensive." Qu Dao-kui said that once the market is out of the market, the most advanced technology lacks the ability to transform achievements. And become a castle in the air. This is a topic that must embark on the path of industrialization. The key lies in how to shake the two supporting points of market and technology. Qu Dao-kui’s “confidence†comes from Xinsong’s efforts to build an industrial chain that can cover “three major areas.†“When 99% of domestic manufacturers focus on R&D and production of robots such as robots, only Xinsong is fully deploying field." In the field of robot industry defined by Qu Dao-kui, the production technology of industrial robots is in the leading position and has reached the internationally advanced level. As for the field of mobile robots, it has been exported to more than 20 countries and regions, and even more in domestic automobile manufacturing. The industry accounts for more than 90% of the market share, but the domestic market share currently does not have the latest statistics. The production of more than 30 types of clean robots is currently the only domestic supplier. In accordance with traditional industrial, service, and specialty industries, service robots are also at the “frontier†in the fields of high-end nursing, medical surgery, and clinical retirement. Qu Dao-kui hopes that in the process of technology and market support, Xinsong's breakthrough from core technology to the formation of core industries will eventually develop into a system solution provider in the context of Industry 4.0. The real "Archimedean spot" of the industry may lie in "top-level design." “We should guide the industry at the national level and solve the problem of development trends,†Qu Daokui said. “Let everyone understand that in the context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, we should focus on what should be developed and oriented. The frontier industries for future development are just like the development of the automobile industry. It cannot be made into a tractor industry." Qu Dao-kui, who is well-versed in the industry, believes that many robot-related companies have been eliminated 20 or 30 years ago. Therefore, from the perspective of national decision-making, Qu Dao-kui suggested that we should create some large-scale exchange platforms, innovate working mechanisms as soon as possible, improve national standards, and solve common and advanced problems in the industry. "In simple terms, it is impossible to make a plan for a 'robot,' and it should be planned for 'robots,'" said Qu Dao-kui. China's Development of the Robot Industry Structure According to the data provided by the China Robotics Industry Alliance, in the market share of industrial robots, manufacturers from abroad occupy a large market, especially in the field of automobile manufacturing, and the market share of the same type is about 43% to 46%. Qu Daokui explained that this is related to the fact that foreign companies or Chinese-foreign joint venture automobile companies occupy half of the Chinese auto industry, and foreign auto companies always favor their own robot production lines. Related data also show that in the non-automotive manufacturing sector, the proportion of domestic industrial robots will increase to around 25% in the next 3 to 5 years. In Qu Dao-kui's view, this is more in line with the characteristics of the late-coming market. In the pattern of China's robotic industry, Qu Dao-kui described it as "hot" and "chaos." He believes that although anything in the development process will appear "disorderly" process, even if it is "essential process", but also to avoid low-level vicious competition. However, Qu Dao-kui believes that “fever†is not only an industry, but also “robot industry park†at all levels. “Industrial parks, as one of the 'intensive development methods', have gradually weakened the relationship with the geographical location due to the involvement of the network and modern logistics industries.†Qu Dao-kui said, but the number of various types of industrial parks may increase. There are several reasons. First of all, the local government of the robot industrial park may not have a clear understanding of the relationship with the local economic structure, and whether the park is sufficient to support the local economic development. "Secondly, although high-tech is a good thing for anyone who wants to develop, it needs a certain ability to transform. In particular, the robotic industry reflects the highly dense industrial characteristics of technology, talent, and capital." Qu Dao-kui said that although the local economy Development is right from the starting point. At the same time, he pointed out that industrial agglomeration has obvious advantages in reducing the operating costs of the supply chain and is not a complete "bad thing" in a sense. Cognitive intelligence must be a breakthrough Qu Dao-kui also made predictions on the technological development of the robotics industry. He believes that in order to realize intelligent devices, there must be three areas of intelligent reserves: computing intelligence, perceived intelligence, and cognitive intelligence. “The first two items require key development, but the current technology has not yet reached the stage of cognitive intelligence.†Qu Daokui said, and in the training of talents in the industry, applying maintenance talents will create a larger gap and create more. Industrial opportunities. But what worries this expert is that, as robots will increasingly be involved in the production sector, low-skilled workers will be eliminated. After these originally belonged to human beings were replaced by robots, how would workers achieve diversion and whether the formation of large-scale labor transition would be a major social issue. However, Qu Daokui said with optimism that with the escalation of the industrial revolution, people will also achieve transformation and upgrading of labor and employment. 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September 24, 2021