Lockheed Martin, which specializes in weapons such as fighter jets, has now invented a technology that can produce low-energy thin films and can help thin film manufacturers develop a new generation of low-cost seawater desalination facilities. Lockheed Martin engineers engraved a film with nanometer-sized pores on the film. Water molecules can pass through these nanopores, and salt molecules cannot pass through. One nanometer is equal to about one in 40,000 of the diameter of the hair. The film used by Lockheed Martin is graphene, also known as graphene. At present, the most commonly used seawater desalination is reverse osmosis technology. Its working principle is to use a special film to filter the salt in seawater. However, because the pores in these films are extremely dense (1000 times denser than the porous graphene used in new technology), they require very large pressures to force the seawater through the membrane. Therefore, it is necessary to consume a lot of energy while desalinating the seawater. . In contrast, at the same pressure, the new technology can be hundreds of times faster in filtration than reverse osmosis membrane technology, or it can save more energy at the same filtration rate. Grossman said that because graphene's raw materials are cheap and easy to obtain, this technology has a natural advantage in terms of cost. In addition, it is the hardest known material and is more durable than the currently used reverse osmosis membranes. Joshua Schneier, an associate professor of chemistry at Harvard University, said that previous people had developed a similar porous graphene structure, but no one combined it with seawater desalination. New technologies provide a new alternative for seawater desalination.
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October 23, 2023