Typical "sulphide ore" flotation industry practice

Typical practice of sulfide ore flotation industry

1 copper sulfide ore dressing example

A copper ore dressing plant in the northwest is a typical copper-sulfur ore, which belongs to the post-production intermediate-temperature hydrothermal deposit controlled by the structure. The deposit consists of multiple ore bodies. Mine to process both types of ore: massive copper pyrite and disseminated copper sulfide ores. The pyrite in the lump ore accounts for 89%-91%, with only a small amount of gangue such as quartz and actinolite; the pyrite in the disseminated ore accounts for 22%-29%, and the gangue is volcanic pebbles and tuff . Copper minerals are mainly chalcopyrite, a small amount of chalcopyrite, porphyrite and copper blue.

Figure 1 shows the principle flow of the copper-sulfur ore beneficiation plant for the treatment of massive and dip-coated ore.

Figure 1 Flow chart of a copper-sulphur ore flotation principle

The specific scheme of the site is that when the copper and sulfur mixed with the mine is mixed, the content of free Ca0 in the slurry and the pulp is controlled at about 100g/m3, and the butyl yellow drug is used as the collector, and the pine oil is used as the foaming agent. The copper-sulfur mixed concentrate is pre-graded before the second section of the ore block. When the copper ore is floated, a large amount of lime is added, the dosage is 10~15kg/t, and the free Ca0 in the slurry is about 800g/m3.

The actual production proves that the treatment of dip-dyed ore and lump ore with this scheme shows the following advantages: The dip-dye mine is changed from preferential float copper to copper-sulfur float, which saves lime and recovers pyrite; copper-sulfur mixture blended with mine The mine, entering the lump ore flotation system, saves the flotation of the lump ore; the total recovery of copper is slightly improved.

The chemical system for the treatment of lump ore in the plant is: Dinghuang medicine 100~200g/t, pine oil 60-70g/t, lime 10~15kg/t. The indicators obtained are shown in Table 1.

Table 1 Production index of a copper-sulfur ore dressing plant

2 copper pyrite ore flotation example

The Tongguanshan copper-sulfur iron ore beneficiation plant in Anhui Province treats the ore produced in the contact metamorphic zone and the high-temperature warm-water-replaced skarn deposit. Selected ore includes six types of ore in different mining areas: copper-bearing skarns, copper-bearing magnetites, copper-bearing magnetites and pyrites, copper-bearing talc and serpentines, and copper-bearing shale (quartz chalcopyrite), oxidized ore.

Metal ore minerals are mainly pyrrhotite, pyrite, chalcopyrite, chalcocite and bornite small amount and the like. Gangue minerals garnet, diopside, serpentine, tremolite, talc, quartz, gold and silver ores associated. The analysis results of the chemical composition of the ore are shown in Table 2.

Table 2 Analysis results of chemical composition of raw ore

The ore structure is divided into two types: block structure and disseminated structure.

Chalcopyrite is the main copper mineral in the ore. It is mostly in the form of dip-dyed and vein-like distribution, and a few are dense blocks. Multi dissemination size is about 0.1mm, most of the output mode to large aggregates appear, closely associated with the plurality pyrrhotite, as a small portion of fine droplets of milk produced in the form of copper and zinc ore of quartz, calcite Appears in the veins.

The iron sulfide minerals are mainly pyrrhotite, followed by pyrite and ferrous iron. The pyrrhotite is mostly composed of his crystal aggregates, which are densely digested to dense blocks, and are closely symbiotic with chalcopyrite and associated with magnetite, pyrite and pyrite. The particle size is 0.05 ~ 1mm.

The magnetite is the main iron oxide mineral in the ore, having a particle size of 0.3 to 5 mm. The aggregates are in the form of fine-grained blocks or distributed along the skarn cracks, which are vein-like, densely disseminated to dense blocks.

The concentrator is produced in the order of first float copper, post-flotation sulphur, re-magnetically selected iron and iron concentrate desulfurization, and produces copper concentrate, sulfur concentrate and iron concentrate respectively. The principle flow of its production is shown in Figure 2. The pharmaceutical program and production indicators are shown in Table 3.

Figure 2 Principle of flotation principle of copper-sulfur iron ore in Tongguanshan Copper Mine

Table 3 Beneficiation Pharmacy Scheme and Production Index of Copper Pyrite Ore in Tongguanshan Copper Mine

After the ore enters the beneficiation plant, it is washed and de-sludged. The lump ore enters the crushing system, and the slime directly enters the separate slime flotation system.

The copper flotation in the ore section uses a section of grinding, two rough selections, two selections, and two sweeping processes. Sulfur floatation uses a rough selection secondary sweeping process. The sulfur flotation tailings are discarded after magnetic separation, and the iron ore concentrate and sulfur concentrate are obtained after desulfurization of the magnetic separation concentrate.

The ore washed out by the washing is concentrated by a thickener, and subjected to a grinding, secondary roughing, secondary sweeping and a selection to obtain copper concentrate and tailings.